This report examines, from a rule of law perspective, the threat narrative that has become increasingly entrenched in Türkiye since 15 July 2016, the large-scale criminal investigations conducted during this period, and the resulting human rights concerns. The study focuses in particular on the latest operation launched on 13 July 2026 against 968 people in 81 provinces, assessing it as a recent example of the pattern of mass investigations and prosecutions pursued over the past decade.

The report analyses key concerns including arbitrary arrest, detention and imprisonment; violations of the right to a fair trial and the presumption of innocence; the broad and unpredictable application of counter-terrorism legislation; the retrospective use of lawful activities as incriminating evidence; and the failure to conduct individualised assessments. It also draws attention to the structural consequences of the non-implementation of international judgments, particularly the Grand Chamber judgments of the European Court of Human Rights in Yalçınkaya and Yasak.

The report seeks not only to document individual violations, but also to identify recurring patterns of practice, structural judicial and administrative deficiencies, and the continuing climate of impunity affecting large numbers of people. In this context, it provides legal analysis, assessments and policy recommendations for human rights organisations, United Nations special mechanisms, the Council of Europe and the institutions of the European Union.